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255 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
255 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# [pongo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pongo_%28genus%29)2
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[](https://gitter.im/flosch/pongo2)
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[](https://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2)
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[](https://travis-ci.org/flosch/pongo2)
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[](https://coveralls.io/r/flosch/pongo2?branch=master)
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[](https://gratipay.com/flosch/)
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[](https://www.bountysource.com/trackers/3654947-pongo2?utm_source=3654947&utm_medium=shield&utm_campaign=TRACKER_BADGE)
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pongo2 is the successor of [pongo](https://github.com/flosch/pongo), a Django-syntax like templating-language.
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Install/update using `go get` (no dependencies required by pongo2):
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```
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go get -u github.com/flosch/pongo2
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```
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Please use the [issue tracker](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/issues) if you're encountering any problems with pongo2 or if you need help with implementing tags or filters ([create a ticket!](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/issues/new)). If possible, please use [playground](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/pongo2/) to create a short test case on what's wrong and include the link to the snippet in your issue.
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**New**: [Try pongo2 out in the pongo2 playground.](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/pongo2/)
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## First impression of a template
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```HTML+Django
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<html><head><title>Our admins and users</title></head>
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{# This is a short example to give you a quick overview of pongo2's syntax. #}
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{% macro user_details(user, is_admin=false) %}
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<div class="user_item">
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<!-- Let's indicate a user's good karma -->
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<h2 {% if (user.karma >= 40) || (user.karma > calc_avg_karma(userlist)+5) %}
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class="karma-good"{% endif %}>
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<!-- This will call user.String() automatically if available: -->
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{{ user }}
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</h2>
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<!-- Will print a human-readable time duration like "3 weeks ago" -->
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<p>This user registered {{ user.register_date|naturaltime }}.</p>
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<!-- Let's allow the users to write down their biography using markdown;
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we will only show the first 15 words as a preview -->
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<p>The user's biography:</p>
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<p>{{ user.biography|markdown|truncatewords_html:15 }}
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<a href="/user/{{ user.id }}/">read more</a></p>
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{% if is_admin %}<p>This user is an admin!</p>{% endif %}
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</div>
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{% endmacro %}
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<body>
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<!-- Make use of the macro defined above to avoid repetitive HTML code
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since we want to use the same code for admins AND members -->
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<h1>Our admins</h1>
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{% for admin in adminlist %}
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{{ user_details(admin, true) }}
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{% endfor %}
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<h1>Our members</h1>
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{% for user in userlist %}
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{{ user_details(user) }}
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{% endfor %}
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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## Development status
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**Latest stable release**: v3.0 (`go get -u gopkg.in/flosch/pongo2.v3` / [`v3`](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/tree/v3)-branch) [[read the announcement](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2-v3/)]
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**Current development**: v4 (`master`-branch)
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*Note*: With the release of pongo v4 the branch v2 will be deprecated.
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**Deprecated versions** (not supported anymore): v1
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| Topic | Status |
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| ------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| Django version compatibility: | [1.7](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/templates/builtins/) |
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| *Missing* (planned) **filters**: | none ([hints](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/filters_builtin.go#L3)) |
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| *Missing* (planned) **tags**: | none ([hints](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/tags.go#L3)) |
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Please also have a look on the [caveats](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2#caveats) and on the [official add-ons](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2#official).
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## Features (and new in pongo2)
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* Entirely rewritten from the ground-up.
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* [Advanced C-like expressions](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/template_tests/expressions.tpl).
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* [Complex function calls within expressions](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/template_tests/function_calls_wrapper.tpl).
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* [Easy API to create new filters and tags](http://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2#RegisterFilter) ([including parsing arguments](http://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2#Parser))
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* Additional features:
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* Macros including importing macros from other files (see [template_tests/macro.tpl](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/template_tests/macro.tpl))
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* [Template sandboxing](https://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2#TemplateSet) ([directory patterns](http://golang.org/pkg/path/filepath/#Match), banned tags/filters)
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## Recent API changes within pongo2
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If you're using the `master`-branch of pongo2, you might be interested in this section. Since pongo2 is still in development (even though there is a first stable release!), there could be (backwards-incompatible) API changes over time. To keep track of these and therefore make it painless for you to adapt your codebase, I'll list them here.
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* Function signature for tag execution changed: not taking a `bytes.Buffer` anymore; instead `Execute()`-functions are now taking a `TemplateWriter` interface.
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* Function signature for tag and filter parsing/execution changed (`error` return type changed to `*Error`).
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* `INodeEvaluator` has been removed and got replaced by `IEvaluator`. You can change your existing tags/filters by simply replacing the interface.
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* Two new helper functions: [`RenderTemplateFile()`](https://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2#RenderTemplateFile) and [`RenderTemplateString()`](https://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2#RenderTemplateString).
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* `Template.ExecuteRW()` is now [`Template.ExecuteWriter()`](https://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2#Template.ExecuteWriter)
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* `Template.Execute*()` functions do now take a `pongo2.Context` directly (no pointer anymore).
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## How you can help
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* Write [filters](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/filters_builtin.go#L3) / [tags](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2/blob/master/tags.go#L4) (see [tutorial](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2/)) by forking pongo2 and sending pull requests
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* Write/improve code tests (use the following command to see what tests are missing: `go test -v -cover -covermode=count -coverprofile=cover.out && go tool cover -html=cover.out` or have a look on [gocover.io/github.com/flosch/pongo2](http://gocover.io/github.com/flosch/pongo2))
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* Write/improve template tests (see the `template_tests/` directory)
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* Write middleware, libraries and websites using pongo2. :-)
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# Documentation
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For a documentation on how the templating language works you can [head over to the Django documentation](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/templates/). pongo2 aims to be compatible with it.
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You can access pongo2's API documentation on [godoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/flosch/pongo2).
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## Blog post series
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* [pongo2 v3 released](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2-v3/)
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* [pongo2 v2 released](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2-v2/)
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* [pongo2 1.0 released](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2-10/) [August 8th 2014]
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* [pongo2 playground](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2-playground/) [August 1st 2014]
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* [Release of pongo2 1.0-rc1 + pongo2-addons](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2-10-rc1/) [July 30th 2014]
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* [Introduction to pongo2 + migration- and "how to write tags/filters"-tutorial.](https://www.florian-schlachter.de/post/pongo2/) [June 29th 2014]
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## Caveats
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### Filters
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* **date** / **time**: The `date` and `time` filter are taking the Golang specific time- and date-format (not Django's one) currently. [Take a look on the format here](http://golang.org/pkg/time/#Time.Format).
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* **stringformat**: `stringformat` does **not** take Python's string format syntax as a parameter, instead it takes Go's. Essentially `{{ 3.14|stringformat:"pi is %.2f" }}` is `fmt.Sprintf("pi is %.2f", 3.14)`.
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* **escape** / **force_escape**: Unlike Django's behaviour, the `escape`-filter is applied immediately. Therefore there is no need for a `force_escape`-filter yet.
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### Tags
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* **for**: All the `forloop` fields (like `forloop.counter`) are written with a capital letter at the beginning. For example, the `counter` can be accessed by `forloop.Counter` and the parentloop by `forloop.Parentloop`.
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* **now**: takes Go's time format (see **date** and **time**-filter).
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### Misc
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* **not in-operator**: You can check whether a map/struct/string contains a key/field/substring by using the in-operator (or the negation of it):
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`{% if key in map %}Key is in map{% else %}Key not in map{% endif %}` or `{% if !(key in map) %}Key is NOT in map{% else %}Key is in map{% endif %}`.
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# Add-ons, libraries and helpers
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## Official
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* [ponginae](https://github.com/flosch/ponginae) - A web-framework for Go (using pongo2).
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* [pongo2-tools](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2-tools) - Official tools and helpers for pongo2
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* [pongo2-addons](https://github.com/flosch/pongo2-addons) - Official additional filters/tags for pongo2 (for example a **markdown**-filter). They are in their own repository because they're relying on 3rd-party-libraries.
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## 3rd-party
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* [beego-pongo2](https://github.com/oal/beego-pongo2) - A tiny little helper for using Pongo2 with [Beego](https://github.com/astaxie/beego).
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* [beego-pongo2.v2](https://github.com/ipfans/beego-pongo2.v2) - Same as `beego-pongo2`, but for pongo2 v2.
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* [macaron-pongo2](https://github.com/macaron-contrib/pongo2) - pongo2 support for [Macaron](https://github.com/Unknwon/macaron), a modular web framework.
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* [ginpongo2](https://github.com/ngerakines/ginpongo2) - middleware for [gin](github.com/gin-gonic/gin) to use pongo2 templates
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* [Build'n support for Iris' template engine](https://github.com/kataras/iris)
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* [pongo2gin](https://gitlab.com/go-box/pongo2gin) - alternative renderer for [gin](github.com/gin-gonic/gin) to use pongo2 templates
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* [pongo2-trans](https://github.com/digitalcrab/pongo2trans) - `trans`-tag implementation for internationalization
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* [tpongo2](https://github.com/tango-contrib/tpongo2) - pongo2 support for [Tango](https://github.com/lunny/tango), a micro-kernel & pluggable web framework.
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* [p2cli](https://github.com/wrouesnel/p2cli) - command line templating utility based on pongo2
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Please add your project to this list and send me a pull request when you've developed something nice for pongo2.
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# API-usage examples
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Please see the documentation for a full list of provided API methods.
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## A tiny example (template string)
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```Go
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// Compile the template first (i. e. creating the AST)
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tpl, err := pongo2.FromString("Hello {{ name|capfirst }}!")
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if err != nil {
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panic(err)
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}
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// Now you can render the template with the given
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// pongo2.Context how often you want to.
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out, err := tpl.Execute(pongo2.Context{"name": "florian"})
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if err != nil {
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panic(err)
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}
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fmt.Println(out) // Output: Hello Florian!
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```
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## Example server-usage (template file)
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```Go
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package main
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import (
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"github.com/flosch/pongo2"
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"net/http"
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)
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// Pre-compiling the templates at application startup using the
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// little Must()-helper function (Must() will panic if FromFile()
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// or FromString() will return with an error - that's it).
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// It's faster to pre-compile it anywhere at startup and only
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// execute the template later.
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var tplExample = pongo2.Must(pongo2.FromFile("example.html"))
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func examplePage(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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// Execute the template per HTTP request
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err := tplExample.ExecuteWriter(pongo2.Context{"query": r.FormValue("query")}, w)
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if err != nil {
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http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
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}
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}
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func main() {
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http.HandleFunc("/", examplePage)
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http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
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}
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```
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# Benchmark
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The benchmarks have been run on the my machine (`Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600 CPU @ 3.40GHz`) using the command:
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go test -bench . -cpu 1,2,4,8
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All benchmarks are compiling (depends on the benchmark) and executing the `template_tests/complex.tpl` template.
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The results are:
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive 50000 60450 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-2 50000 56998 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-4 50000 60343 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-8 50000 64229 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive 10000 164410 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-2 10000 156682 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-4 10000 164821 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-8 10000 171806 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive 50000 60428 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-2 50000 31887 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-4 100000 22810 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithSandboxActive-8 100000 18820 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox 50000 56942 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-2 50000 56168 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-4 50000 57838 ns/op
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BenchmarkExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-8 50000 60539 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox 10000 162086 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-2 10000 159771 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-4 10000 163826 ns/op
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BenchmarkCompileAndExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-8 10000 169062 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox 50000 57152 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-2 50000 30276 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-4 100000 22065 ns/op
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BenchmarkParallelExecuteComplexWithoutSandbox-8 100000 18034 ns/op
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Benchmarked on October 2nd 2014.
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